What are the different data types present in C++?

1. Fundamental Data Types:

• int: Represents integers.
• float: Represents single-precision floating-point numbers.
• double: Represents double-precision floating-point numbers.
• char: Represents single characters.
• bool: Represents Boolean values (true or false).
• void: Represents the absence of type.
• wchar_t: Represents wide characters (larger character set than char).

2. Modifier Types:

These are used with the fundamental types to alter their meaning.

• signed: Makes a type store both negative and positive values.
• unsigned: Makes a type store only non-negative values.
• short: Used with int to create a smaller integer type.
• long: Used with int to create a larger integer type.
• long long: Used with int for an even larger integer type (C++11 onward).

3. Derived Data Types:

These types are derived from the fundamental data types.

• Arrays: Collection of data items of the same type.
• Pointer: Variable that stores the memory address of another variable.
• Reference: An alias for an already existing variable.
• Function: Set of statements that performs a task.

4. User-Defined Data Types:

These types allow users to define their own data types.

• enum: Enumeration, a way of defining named integer constants.
• struct: Structure, a collection of variables (possibly of different types) under a single name.
• union: Similar to struct, but all members share the same memory location.
• class: The central feature of C++ that supports Object-Oriented Programming. It can contain variables and functions.

5. Complex or Compound Data Types:

These are more advanced data types often used in C++.

• string: Represents sequences of characters (technically, it’s a class from the C++ Standard Library).
• vector, list, map, etc.: Part of the C++ Standard Template Library (STL), used for creating complex data structures like dynamic arrays, linked lists, etc.

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